Rise Of The Spartans

Rise Of The Spartans

Theater of ancient Sparta with Mt. Taygetus in the background
What Caused Sparta To Fall
Rise Of The Spartans 8
Rise Of The Spartans Part 9
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'It is common for prey to look the predator in the eyes. A moment before the strike.' Sev, also regarded at times as Robo, is the former Captain of the UNSC Midsummer Night and a freelance warrior loosely aligned with the Covenant. Sev is portrayed by RoboLeaderOom9, a co-director of Rise of the Spartans. Early in their history, a violent and bloody slave revolt caused the Spartans to change their society. A Spartan, Lycurgus, drafted a harsh set of laws that required total dedication to the state from its people. The laws' goal was to train citizens to become hardened soldiers so that they could fight off potential enemies or slave revolts. Rise of the Spartans Wiki is a FANDOM TV Community. View Mobile Site FandomShop Ad:TrekHistory GalaxyQuest.
A laconic phrase or laconism is a concise or terse statement, especially a blunt and elliptical rejoinder.[1][2] It is named after Laconia, the region of Greece including the city of Sparta, whose ancient inhabitants had a reputation for verbal austerity and were famous for their blunt and often pithy remarks.
Uses[edit]A laconic phrase may be used for efficiency (as during military training and operations), for emphasis, for philosophical reasons (especially among thinkers who believe in minimalism, such as Stoics), or to deflate a pompous interlocutor.
Philip II (Roman copy of a Hellenistic bust)
A prominent example involves Philip II of Macedon. After invading southern Greece and receiving the submission of other key city-states, he turned his attention to Sparta and asked menacingly whether he should come as friend or foe. The reply was 'Neither.'[3]
Losing patience, he sent the message: 
You are advised to submit without further delay, for if I bring my army into your land, I will destroy your farms, slay your people, and raze your city.[4]
The Spartan ephors again replied with a single word: 
If.[5]
 Subsequently, neither Philip nor his son Alexander the Great attempted to capture the city.[note 1]
In humor[edit]The Spartans were especially famous for their dry, understated wit,[7] which is now known as 'laconic humor'. This can be contrasted with the 'Attic salt' or 'Attic wit' – the refined, poignant, delicate humour of Sparta's chief rival, Athens.[8]
Various groups in more recent history also have a reputation for laconic humor: Icelanders in the sagas,[9] and in the Anglophone world, Australians (cf.Australian humor),[10][11][12] American cowboys,[13]New Englanders,[14] and people from the North of England.[15]
History[edit]Spartans paid less attention than other ancient Greeks to the development of education, arts, and literature.[16] Some view this as having contributed to the characteristically blunt Laconian speech. However, Socrates, in Plato's dialogue Protagoras, appears to reject the idea that Spartans' economy with words was simply a consequence of poor literary education: '.. they conceal their wisdom, and pretend to be blockheads, so that they may seem to be superior only because of their prowess in battle .. This is how you may know that I am speaking the truth and that the Spartans are the best educated in philosophy and speaking: if you talk to any ordinary Spartan, he seems to be stupid, but eventually, like an expert marksman, he shoots in some brief remark that proves you to be only a child'.[17][note 2] Socrates was known to have admired Spartan laws,[20] as did many other Athenians,[21] but modern scholars have doubted the seriousness of his attribution of a secret love of philosophy to Spartans.[22][23][18] Still, the Spartans Myson of Chenae and Chilon of Sparta have traditionally been counted among the Seven Sages of Greece; both were famous for many laconic sayings.[note 3]
In general, however, Spartans were expected to be men of few words, to hold rhetoric in disdain, and to stick to the point. Loquacity was considered frivolous and unbecoming of sensible, down-to-earth Spartan peers. A Spartan youth was reportedly liable to have his thumb bitten as punishment for too verbose a response to a teacher's question.[26]
Examples[edit]Leonidas, a sculpture (c. 475 BC) unearthed in Sparta in 1926 (Archaeological Museum of Sparta)
Spartan[edit]A witticism attributed to Lycurgus, the possibly legendary lawgiver of Sparta, was a response to a proposal to set up a democracy there: 'Begin with your own family.'[27]
On another occasion, Lycurgus was reportedly asked the reason for the less-than-extravagant size of Sparta's sacrifices to the gods. He replied, 'So that we may always have something to offer.'[27]
When he was consulted on how Spartans might best forestall invasion of their homeland, Lycurgus advised, 'By remaining poor, and each man not desiring to possess more than his fellow.'[27]
When asked whether it would be prudent to build a defensive wall enclosing the city, Lycurgus answered, 'A city is well-fortified which has a wall of men instead of brick.'[27] (When another Spartan was later shown an Asian city with impressive fortifications, he remarked, 'Fine quarters for women!'[28])
Responding to a visitor who questioned why they put their fields in the hands of the helots rather than cultivate them themselves, Anaxandridas explained, 'It was by not taking care of the fields, but of ourselves, that we acquired those fields.'[29]
King Demaratus, being pestered by someone with a question concerning who the most exemplary Spartan was, answered 'He that is least like you.'[27]
On her husband Leonidas's departure for battle with the Persians at Thermopylae, Gorgo, Queen of Sparta asked what she should do. He advised her: 'Marry a good man and bear good children.'[30][31]
Other examples from ancient history[edit]When Ben-Hadad I, king of Aram-Damascus, attacked Ahab, king of Israel, he sent a message: 'May the gods deal with me, be it ever so severely, if enough dust remains in Samaria to give each of my men a handful.' Ahab replied, 'One who puts on his armor should not boast like one who takes it off.'[32]
A traveler from Sybaris, a city in southern Italy (which gave rise to the word sybarite) infamous in the ancient world for its luxury and gluttony, was invited to eat in a Spartan mess hall and tasted their black broth. Disgusted, he remarked, 'No wonder Spartans are the bravest of men. Anyone in their right mind would rather die a thousand times than live like this.'[33]
When news of the death of Philip II reached Athens in 336 BC, the strategosPhocion banned all celebratory sacrifice, saying: 'The army which defeated us at Chaeronea has lost just one man.'[34]
The heavy price of defeating the Romans in the Battle of Asculum (279 BC) prompted Pyrrhus to respond to an offer of congratulations with 'If we win one more battle we will be doomed' ('One more such victory and the cause is lost'; in Ancient Greek: Ἂν ἔτι μίαν μάχην νικήσωμεν, ἀπολώλαμεν Án éti mían máchēn nikḗsōmen, apolṓlamen).[35]
See also[edit]What Caused Sparta To FallNotes[edit]^Sparta then declined to participate in Macedon's invasion of the Persian Empire, a fact memorialized in a proclamation Alexander sent to Athens with armor captured at the Battle of the Granicus: 'Alexander, son of Philip, and all the Greeks except the Lacedaemonians, present this offering from the spoils taken from the foreigners inhabiting Asia.'[6]
^An alternative translation based on those by A. Beresford and R.E. Allen is as follows: '..they claim not to have any interest in [philosophy] and put on this big show of being morons..because..they want people to think that their superiority rests on fighting battles and being manly.. You can tell that what I say is true, and that Spartans are the best educated in philosophy and argument, by this: if one associates with the most inferior Spartan, one at first finds him somewhat inferior in speech; but then at some chance point in the discussion he throws in a remark worthy of noticing, brief and terse, like a skilled marksman, so that the person he's talking to appears no better than a child.'[18][19]
^Examples include 'We should not investigate facts by the light of arguments, but arguments by the light of facts' for Myson,[24] and 'Do not let one's tongue outrun one's sense' for Chilon.[25]
References[edit]Rise Of The Spartans 8^Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Synonyms, 1984, s.v. 'concise' p. 172.
^Henry Percy Smith, Synonyms Discriminated (1904) p. 541.
^Plutarch, Apophthegmata Laconica, 233e 12.
^The Animal Spirit Doctrine and the Origins of Neurophysiology, C.U.M. Smith, et al., Oxford University Press, 2012.
^Plutarch, De garrulitate, 17 12 or 3.
^Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, I, 16, 7.
^Stuttard, David (14 October 2014). A History of Ancient Greece in Fifty Lives. Thames & Hudson. p. 88. ISBN978-0-500-77221-8.
^Belfield, Henry H. (1897). Lord Chesterfield's letters to his son and godson. Maynard, Merrill & Co. p. 48. ISBN978-5871542569. supposed to be peculiar.
^Peter Hallberg, The Icelandic Saga, p. 115.
^Willbanks, R. (1991). Australian Voices: Writers and Their Work. University of Texas Press. p. 117. ISBN978-0-292-78558-8. OCLC23220737.
^Bell, S.; Bell, K.; Byrne, R. (2013). 'Australian Humour: What Makes Aussies Laugh?'. Australian Tales. Australian-Information-Stories.com. Archived from the original on 2013-01-22. Retrieved 2014-08-30.
^Jones, D. (1993). 'Edgy laughter: Women and Australian humour'. Australian Literary Studies. 16 (2): 161–167. Retrieved 2016-09-03.
^Collier, P.; Horowitz, D. (1995). Roosevelts: An American Saga. Simon & Schuster. p. 66. ISBN9780684801407. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
^'The Problems of Rural New England'. The Atlantic Monthly. Atlantic Monthly Company. May 1897. p. 589.
^Urdang, L. (1988). Names and Nicknames of Places and Things. Penguin Group USA. ISBN9780452009073. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
^Plato, Hippias Major 285b–d.
^Protagoras 342b, d–e, from the translation given at the end of the section on Lycurgus in e-classics.com.
^ abBeresford, A., Plato: Protagoras and Meno, Penguin Books 2005, p. 151.; see commentary (click on '61' link).
^Allen, R.E. (1984). The Dialogues of Plato. 3: Ion, Hippias Minor, Laches, and Protagoras. Yale University Press. pp. 202–203. ISBN978-0300074383.
^Plato, Crito 52e.
^Plato, Republic 544c.
^Taylor, A.E., Plato: The Man and His Work, Meridian Books, 6th ed., 1949; on p. 255 Taylor suggests Socrates is mocking, in jest, other Greeks who affect a Spartan lifestyle as the epitome of rugged manliness for not realizing their models are closet intellectuals.
^Taylor, C.C.W., Plato: Protagoras, Oxford University Press, ISBN978-0199555659, 2009; pp. 43, 83.
^Diogenes Laërtius. Lives of the Eminent Philosophers. Translated by Pamela Mensch. Oxford University Press. 2018. ISBN978-0190862183p. 52.
^Diogenes Laërtius, p. 34.
^Paul Cartledge (2003). Spartan Reflections. University of California Press. p. 85. ISBN978-0-520-23124-5. Retrieved 2012-12-13.
^ abcdePlutarch, Life of Lycurgus123.
^Plutarch, Apophthegmata Laconica, 230c.
^Plutarch, Apophthegmata Laconica (Sayings of Spartans), 217a. This work may or may not be by Plutarch himself, but is included among the Moralia, a collection of works attributed to him but outside the collection of his most famous works, the Parallel Lives.
^Plutarch, Apophthegmata Laconica, 225a.
^Plutarch, Lacaenarum Apophthegmata (Sayings of Spartan Women), 240e. This work may or may not be by Plutarch himself, but is included among the Moralia, a collection of works attributed to him but outside the collection of his most famous works, the Parallel Lives.
^I Kings 20:10–11.
^Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae Book IV, 138d; Book XII, 518e; trans. quoted in Dalby, A.Siren Feasts: A History of Food and Gastronomy in Greece. London: Routledge, 1996. ISBN0-415-15657-2, p.126.
^Plutarch, Parallel Lives, 'Phocion', 16.6.
^Plutarch, Parallel Lives, 'Pyrrhus', 21.9.
External links[edit] Quotations related to Laconic phrases at Wikiquote (additional examples of laconic phrases)
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laconic_phrase&oldid=987218310'
Learning ObjectiveDistinguish key differences between Athens and Sparta
Key PointsSparta was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece, situated on the banks of the Eurotas River in Laconia in southeastern Peloponnese.
Given its military preeminence, Sparta was recognized as the overall leader of the combined Greek forces during the Greco-Persian Wars, and defeated Athens during the Peloponnesian War.
Sparta's defeat by Thebes in the Battle of Leuctra in 371 BCE ended Sparta's prominent role in Greece, but it maintained its political independence until the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BCE.
Sparta functioned under an oligarchy of two hereditary kings.
Unique in ancient Greece for its social system and constitution, Spartan society focused heavily on military training and excellence.
Spartan women enjoyed status, power, and respect that was unequaled in the rest of the classical world.
TermsSpartaThis is sparta. A prominent city-state in ancient Greece situated on the banks of the Eurotas River in Laconia. The dominant military power in ancient Greece.
agoge

The rigorous education and training regimen mandated for all male Spartan citizens, except for the firstborn sons of the ruling houses Eurypontid and Agiad.
Sparta was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece situated on the banks of the Eurotas River in Laconia in southeastern Peloponnese. It emerged as a political entity around the 10th century BCE, when the invading Dorians subjugated the local, non-Dorian population. Around 650 BCE, it rose to become the dominant military power in ancient Greece. Given its military preeminence, Sparta was recognized as the overall leader of the combined Greek forces during the Greco-Persian Wars. Between 431 and 404 BCE, Sparta was the principal enemy of Athens during the Peloponnesian War, from which it emerged victorious, though at great cost. Sparta's defeat by Thebes in the Battle of Leuctra in 371 BCE ended Sparta's prominent role in Greece. However, it maintained its political independence until the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BCE.
The Spartans were already considered a land-fighting force to be reckoned with when, in 480 BCE, a small force of Spartans, Thespians, and Thebans made a legendary final stand at the Battle of Thermopylae against the massive Persian army during the Greco-Persian Wars. The Greek forces suffered very high casualties before finally being encircled and defeated. One year later, Sparta led a Greek alliance against the Persians at the Battle of Plataea where their superior weaponry, strategy, and bronze armor proved a huge asset in achieving a resounding victory. This decisive victory put an end to the Greco-Persian War, as well as Persian ambitions of spreading into Europe. Despite being fought as part of a alliance, the victory was credited to Sparta, which had been the de facto leader of the entire Greek expedition.
In the later classical period, Sparta fought amongst Athens, Thebes, and Persia for supremacy within the region. As a result of the Peloponnesian War, Sparta developed formidable naval power, enabling it to subdue many key Greek states and even overpower the elite Athenian navy. A period of Spartan Hegemony was inaugurated at the end of the 5th century BCE, when Sparta defeated the Athenian Empire and invaded Persian provinces in Anatolia.
Rise Of The Spartans Part 9Sparta functioned under an oligarchy. The state was ruled by two hereditary kings of the Agiad and Eurypontid families, both supposedly descendants of Heracles, and equal in authority so that one could not act against the power and political enactments of his colleague. Unique in ancient Greece for its social system and constitution, Spartan society was completely focused on military training and excellence. Its inhabitants were classified as Spartiates (Spartan citizens who enjoyed full rights), Mothakes (non-Spartan, free men raised as Spartans), Perioikoi (freed men), and Helots (state-owned serfs, part of the enslaved, non-Spartan, local population).
Male Spartans began military training at age seven. The training was designed to encourage discipline and physical toughness, as well as emphasize the importance of the Spartan state. Boys lived in communal messes and, according to Xenophon, whose sons attended the agoge, the boys were fed 'just the right amount for them never to become sluggish through being too full, while also giving them a taste of what it is not to have enough.' Besides physical and weapons training, boys studied reading, writing, music, and dancing. Special punishments were imposed if boys failed to answer questions sufficiently laconically (i.e., briefly and wittily).
At age 20, the Spartan citizen began his membership in one of the syssitia (dining messes or clubs), which were composed of about 15 members each, and were compulsory. Here each group learned how to bond and rely on one another. The Spartans were not eligible for election to public office until the age of 30. Only native Spartans were considered full citizens, and were obliged to undergo military training as prescribed by law, as well as participate in, and contribute financially to, one of the syssitia.

The rigorous education and training regimen mandated for all male Spartan citizens, except for the firstborn sons of the ruling houses Eurypontid and Agiad.
Sparta was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece situated on the banks of the Eurotas River in Laconia in southeastern Peloponnese. It emerged as a political entity around the 10th century BCE, when the invading Dorians subjugated the local, non-Dorian population. Around 650 BCE, it rose to become the dominant military power in ancient Greece. Given its military preeminence, Sparta was recognized as the overall leader of the combined Greek forces during the Greco-Persian Wars. Between 431 and 404 BCE, Sparta was the principal enemy of Athens during the Peloponnesian War, from which it emerged victorious, though at great cost. Sparta's defeat by Thebes in the Battle of Leuctra in 371 BCE ended Sparta's prominent role in Greece. However, it maintained its political independence until the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BCE.
The Spartans were already considered a land-fighting force to be reckoned with when, in 480 BCE, a small force of Spartans, Thespians, and Thebans made a legendary final stand at the Battle of Thermopylae against the massive Persian army during the Greco-Persian Wars. The Greek forces suffered very high casualties before finally being encircled and defeated. One year later, Sparta led a Greek alliance against the Persians at the Battle of Plataea where their superior weaponry, strategy, and bronze armor proved a huge asset in achieving a resounding victory. This decisive victory put an end to the Greco-Persian War, as well as Persian ambitions of spreading into Europe. Despite being fought as part of a alliance, the victory was credited to Sparta, which had been the de facto leader of the entire Greek expedition.
In the later classical period, Sparta fought amongst Athens, Thebes, and Persia for supremacy within the region. As a result of the Peloponnesian War, Sparta developed formidable naval power, enabling it to subdue many key Greek states and even overpower the elite Athenian navy. A period of Spartan Hegemony was inaugurated at the end of the 5th century BCE, when Sparta defeated the Athenian Empire and invaded Persian provinces in Anatolia.
Rise Of The Spartans Part 9Sparta functioned under an oligarchy. The state was ruled by two hereditary kings of the Agiad and Eurypontid families, both supposedly descendants of Heracles, and equal in authority so that one could not act against the power and political enactments of his colleague. Unique in ancient Greece for its social system and constitution, Spartan society was completely focused on military training and excellence. Its inhabitants were classified as Spartiates (Spartan citizens who enjoyed full rights), Mothakes (non-Spartan, free men raised as Spartans), Perioikoi (freed men), and Helots (state-owned serfs, part of the enslaved, non-Spartan, local population).
Male Spartans began military training at age seven. The training was designed to encourage discipline and physical toughness, as well as emphasize the importance of the Spartan state. Boys lived in communal messes and, according to Xenophon, whose sons attended the agoge, the boys were fed 'just the right amount for them never to become sluggish through being too full, while also giving them a taste of what it is not to have enough.' Besides physical and weapons training, boys studied reading, writing, music, and dancing. Special punishments were imposed if boys failed to answer questions sufficiently laconically (i.e., briefly and wittily).
At age 20, the Spartan citizen began his membership in one of the syssitia (dining messes or clubs), which were composed of about 15 members each, and were compulsory. Here each group learned how to bond and rely on one another. The Spartans were not eligible for election to public office until the age of 30. Only native Spartans were considered full citizens, and were obliged to undergo military training as prescribed by law, as well as participate in, and contribute financially to, one of the syssitia.
Spartan WomenFemale Spartan citizens enjoyed status, power, and respect that was unequaled in the rest of the classical world. The higher status of females in Spartan society started at birth. Unlike in Athens, Spartan girls were fed the same food as their brothers. Nor were they confined to their father's house or prevented from exercising or getting fresh air. Spartan women even competed in sports. Most important, rather than being married at the age of 12 or 13, Spartan law forbade the marriage of a girl until she was in her late teens or early 20s. The reasons for delaying marriage were to ensure the birth of healthy children, but the effect was to spare Spartan women the hazards and lasting health damage associated with pregnancy among adolescents.
Spartan women, better fed from childhood and fit from exercise, stood a far better chance of reaching old age than their sisters in other Greek cities, where the median life expectancy was 34.6 years, or roughly ten years below that of men. Unlike Athenian women, who wore heavy, concealing clothes and were rarely seen outside the house, Spartan women wore dresses (peplos) slit up the side to allow freer movement, and moved freely about the city, either walking or driving chariots.
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